Sterile Ointments
Ointments are semisolids expected for external application to the skin or mucous layers. They typically contain lower than 20% water and volatiles and more than 50% hydrocarbons, waxes, or polyols as the vehicle. Ointment bases known for use as vehicles fall into four general classes: hydrocarbon bases, absorption bases, water-removable bases, and water-soluble bases. Each therapeutic ointment has its base one of these four general classes.
• Hydrocarbon Bases:
They are called ''oleaginous ointment bases,'' are described by White Petrolatum and White Ointment (both USP). Just little quantity of a fluid component can be fused into these bases. Hydrocarbon bases are used to keep medicaments in long period contact with …show more content…
The bioavailability of medications controlled as ointments is more because it prevents flow through liver
.
DISADVANTAGES:
• They are bulkier than solid dosage forms.
• They are less stable than solid dosage forms
• Greasy in nature.
• Difficult to be applied.
• Hardness the vision.
Sterile ointment
Ophthalmic Ointments
Ophthalmic Ointments are semisolid dosage forms for application to the eye, usually consisting of solid or semisolid hydrocarbon base of melting or softening point close to human body temperature. Distinctive precautionary measures must be taken in the formation of ophthalmic ointments. They are made from sterilized components under aseptic conditions, must meet the necessities under Sterility Tests, and must be free of extensive particles, micro-organisms and pathogens. The medicinal agent is added to the ointment base either as a solution or as a micronized powder.
Confirmation of physical instability is exhibited by:
• a noticeable change in consistency, for example, inordinate "bleeding"
• change in color;
• emulsion breakdown;
• development of crystals;
• contracting because of loss of water; or
• The growth of micro-organism. …show more content…
DISADVANTAGES:
Although they are well tolerated and safe, they cause, among, blurring of vision and sometimes have irritating effects, because of which they are mainly applied nighttime.
Uses:
• Ophthalmic Ointments allow a prolonged contact time; therefore, less frequent applications are required (suitable for night
Ointments are semisolids expected for external application to the skin or mucous layers. They typically contain lower than 20% water and volatiles and more than 50% hydrocarbons, waxes, or polyols as the vehicle. Ointment bases known for use as vehicles fall into four general classes: hydrocarbon bases, absorption bases, water-removable bases, and water-soluble bases. Each therapeutic ointment has its base one of these four general classes.
• Hydrocarbon Bases:
They are called ''oleaginous ointment bases,'' are described by White Petrolatum and White Ointment (both USP). Just little quantity of a fluid component can be fused into these bases. Hydrocarbon bases are used to keep medicaments in long period contact with …show more content…
The bioavailability of medications controlled as ointments is more because it prevents flow through liver
.
DISADVANTAGES:
• They are bulkier than solid dosage forms.
• They are less stable than solid dosage forms
• Greasy in nature.
• Difficult to be applied.
• Hardness the vision.
Sterile ointment
Ophthalmic Ointments
Ophthalmic Ointments are semisolid dosage forms for application to the eye, usually consisting of solid or semisolid hydrocarbon base of melting or softening point close to human body temperature. Distinctive precautionary measures must be taken in the formation of ophthalmic ointments. They are made from sterilized components under aseptic conditions, must meet the necessities under Sterility Tests, and must be free of extensive particles, micro-organisms and pathogens. The medicinal agent is added to the ointment base either as a solution or as a micronized powder.
Confirmation of physical instability is exhibited by:
• a noticeable change in consistency, for example, inordinate "bleeding"
• change in color;
• emulsion breakdown;
• development of crystals;
• contracting because of loss of water; or
• The growth of micro-organism. …show more content…
DISADVANTAGES:
Although they are well tolerated and safe, they cause, among, blurring of vision and sometimes have irritating effects, because of which they are mainly applied nighttime.
Uses:
• Ophthalmic Ointments allow a prolonged contact time; therefore, less frequent applications are required (suitable for night