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Adipic acid is mainly use as monomer in manufacture Nylon 6/6 fiber, plasticizer, grease, polyurethane etc. There are several countries in the world that manufacturing the adipic acid. But there also countries that just is a supplier for this adipic acid to any factory that need adipic acid in their countries. The main countries that produce adipic acid are United State of America and also China. Almost ninety percent of adipic acid manufactured in United State of America is used to produce Nylon 6/6 fiber. In America also there is four adipic acid manufacturing plant in operation which
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Its derivatives, acyl halides, anhydrides, esters, amides and nitriles, are used in making target products such as flavoring agents, internal plasticizers, pesticides, dyes, textile treatment agents, fungicides, and pharmaceuticals through further reactions of substitution, catalytic reduction, metal hydride reduction, diborane reduction, ketone formation with organometallic reagents, electrophile bonding at oxygen, and condensation (Werpy et al, 2004).
CHAPTER 2
PROCESS BACKGROUND
1. THE PROCESSES
Basically, there are three famous processes used in the production of adipic acid. They are the production from cyclohexane using catalyst, phenol and benzene via cyclohexene process. Even though these three routes have very different characteristics and cost distributions, ranging from the high raw material costs but comparatively low capital costs for the phenol-based route.
Figure 2.1 represent all kind of processes involves in order to produce adipic acid. Three routes of processes are shown in that figure which are commercially used in today’s life, has been in commercial used as well as the route that has been demonstrated but not in commercial use.
[pic]
Figure 2.1: Adipic acid processes: ( ) in commercial use today, ( ) has been in commercial used, and (- - -) demonstrated but not in commercial …show more content…
Keep away from ignition sources. Fire involving large amounts of material should not be approached individual containers may rupture abruptly causing ‘fireball’ effect. Fire-fighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing when fighting chemical fires. Use water spray to cool nearby containers and structures exposed to fire.
5. Accident Release Measures
In case of spill, do not blow material. Sweep or gather up material and place in proper container for disposal. Use vacuum equipment designed specifically for handling combustible dusts. 6. Handling and Storage
Precautions to be taken in handling and storage:
Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid generating or breathing dust. Keep container closed when not in use. Avoid strong oxidizers. Keep away from heat, sparks, and flames. Use only with adequate ventilation.
Table 5.2: NFPA and HMIS Measurements
|NFPA |HMIS
Its derivatives, acyl halides, anhydrides, esters, amides and nitriles, are used in making target products such as flavoring agents, internal plasticizers, pesticides, dyes, textile treatment agents, fungicides, and pharmaceuticals through further reactions of substitution, catalytic reduction, metal hydride reduction, diborane reduction, ketone formation with organometallic reagents, electrophile bonding at oxygen, and condensation (Werpy et al, 2004).
CHAPTER 2
PROCESS BACKGROUND
1. THE PROCESSES
Basically, there are three famous processes used in the production of adipic acid. They are the production from cyclohexane using catalyst, phenol and benzene via cyclohexene process. Even though these three routes have very different characteristics and cost distributions, ranging from the high raw material costs but comparatively low capital costs for the phenol-based route.
Figure 2.1 represent all kind of processes involves in order to produce adipic acid. Three routes of processes are shown in that figure which are commercially used in today’s life, has been in commercial used as well as the route that has been demonstrated but not in commercial use.
[pic]
Figure 2.1: Adipic acid processes: ( ) in commercial use today, ( ) has been in commercial used, and (- - -) demonstrated but not in commercial …show more content…
Keep away from ignition sources. Fire involving large amounts of material should not be approached individual containers may rupture abruptly causing ‘fireball’ effect. Fire-fighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing when fighting chemical fires. Use water spray to cool nearby containers and structures exposed to fire.
5. Accident Release Measures
In case of spill, do not blow material. Sweep or gather up material and place in proper container for disposal. Use vacuum equipment designed specifically for handling combustible dusts. 6. Handling and Storage
Precautions to be taken in handling and storage:
Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid generating or breathing dust. Keep container closed when not in use. Avoid strong oxidizers. Keep away from heat, sparks, and flames. Use only with adequate ventilation.
Table 5.2: NFPA and HMIS Measurements
|NFPA |HMIS