The last factor to be looked at in the ABCDE approach is Mr Bates’ exposure. At the time of assessment Mr Bates has a decreased appetite and is dehydrated – signalled by low urine output and dark concentrated urine. Decreased appetite and decreased fluid intake are most likely due to his breathing problems which can leave patients feeling fatigued and malaise (Truesdell, 2000) This is a problem because for the brain and tissues to be adequately perfused and functioning they need a supply of fluid and glucose which come from eating and drinking (Goethals et al, 2007). Decreased drinking also reduces circulating volume which can lead to a drop in blood pressure. In turn this can lead to renal problems as the kidneys needs to have blood pressure
