Test Yourself On Oceanography Exam 1 Study Guide Flashcards

Matching (20) Match items in column A to column B

Column a	Column b
1. Examples A- Andes Mountans C- Cascades	A. Why is methane hydrate important?
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2. A solid form of methane bonded with water	B. Neritic Deposits
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3. • Sediment from rocks • Result of weathering and erosion	C. What is methane hydrate?
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4. • Black Nodules • Manganese, iron, copper cobalt, and nickel • Form as coatings	D. Sea-Floor Spreading
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5. Ocean-Continent Convergent Boundary	E. How can calcareous oozes be found at depths greater than 4500 m?
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6. Calcareous oozes can be found at depths greater than 4500 m if they are buried by another type of sediment before being moved (via plate tectonics) to deeper water.	F. Tectonically Active continental margins
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7. • Ocean sediments contain many important resources, including: – Petroleum – Gas hydrates – Sand and gravel – Evaporative salts – Phosphorite – Manganese nodules and crusts	G. Worldwide distribution of neritic and pelagic sediment Ocean sediments as a resource
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8. We know about the Earth’s interior structure from seismic waves (earthquakes).	H. Manganese nodules
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9. are oxides of the metals manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe). They also contain minor amounts of copper (Cu), cobalt, (Co), and nickel (Ni). - Manganese nodules occur as nodules and crusts, primarily in deepest of oceans and near mid-ocean ridges. - Their origin is controversial. We do not know the source of the metals nor how and why they are concentrated in nodules. - The metals may be delivered as dissolved species or as sediments from land. - A more likely origin is volcanic activity and hydrothermal alteration of ocean crust at mid-ocean ridges. Remember the "black smokers?" Much of the suspended particles are Mn and Fe oxides.	I. Lithogeneous Sediment
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10. • Because water absorbs heat without changing temperature, the city on the coast does not get as hot in the summer. In the winter, the city near the coast uses the heat absorbed by the water in the summer to keep warm, thus it does not get as cold. • The city inland is much hotter in the summer and much colder in the winter.	J. Which spheres are involved in infiltration?
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11. • Larger gain size • near shore - continental margins • Lithogeneous • In Delta and Wetlands	K. Manganese Nodules
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12. Low lying flat areas. Covered as water at least part of the year.	L. How do we know what the interior of the earth is like?
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13. It can be used as an energy source for the future	M. Limestone
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14. • Come from space – Meteorites – Space Dust – Tektites	N. Cosmogeneous Sediment
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15. • in continental margins, in principle source is the river discharge and erosion of offshore materials • are Neritic Deposits • Thickest sediments	O. Lithogeneous Sediment
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16. Pelagic sediments, also known as marine sediments, are those that accumulate in the abyssal plain of the deep ocean, far away from terrestrial sources that provide terrigenous sediments; the latter are primarily limited to the continental shelf, and at some point were probably deposited by rivers.[1] Pelagic sediments that are mixed with terrigenous sediments are known as hemipelagic. There are three main types of pelagic sediments:[2] 1. Siliceous oozes 2. Calcareous oozes 3. Red clays	P. Pelagic sediments
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17. • Plates in the middle of the ocean move away from each other • ProposedbyHarry Hess	Q. Wetlands
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18. hydrosphere and geosphere - because it goes into the ground	R. Oceanic-Continental Convergent
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19. • is resulted from the li of calcareous oozes that was transported from a location closer to the Mid-Atlantic ridge	S. Compare the temperature range between the two cities. Why is the range so much greater inland that it is near the coast? What can you say about the temperature range of city on the coast versus a city inland?
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20. Active - Narrow continental shelpf, steep continental slope, trench instead of continental rise	T. The Aleutian islands are this type of convergent plate boundary
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