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17 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Intestinal Gas
S&S: Excessive belching, abdominal discomfort, cramping, bloating, flatulence, nausea, audible bowel sounds, dyspepsia associated with indigestion

First line: Simethicone
Prevention: Alpha-galactosidase (Beano)
Heartburn
reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus (occasional/periodic)
Heartburn/Dyspepsia
S&S
S&S:  Burning sensation or pain behind the breastbone (may radiate up into the chest, back, throat, and neck)
 Bad taste in mouth (regurgitation)
 Worsens when patient lays down (pressure on LES) causes it to open).
 Occurs after meals
 Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)
 Odynophagia (pain in swallowing)
 Globus sensation (sensation of lump in throat)
 Hypersalivation
 Weight loss
 Regurgitation without nausea
 Sour stomach
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
abnormal reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus causing esophageal mucosal injury or motility disorders (chronic: >2 times weekly)
Dyspepsia
poor digestion; a consistent or recurrent discomfort primarily in the upper abdomen. May be associated with an underlying cause such as PUD or GERD. A stomach ache often caused by overindulgence
Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)
disruption of/hole in gastric mucosa commonly caused by H. pylori or NSAIDs
GERD S&S
S&S: Heartburn
 Atypical-chest pain (may be sharp or dull , may radiate into the neck and arms)
 Chronic wheezing
 Pharyngitis
 Laryngitis
Alarm Symptoms:
 Asthma
 Choking
 Vomiting
 Chronic laryngitis
 Hoarseness
 SOB
 Cough
 Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)
 Odynophagia (pain in swallowing)
 Globus sensation (sensation of lump in throat)
 Non cardiac chest pain
 Dental erosions
 GI bleed
 Symptoms that disrupt sleep
PUD S&S
S&S: Dyspepsia
 Heart burn
 Gnawing or burning epigastric pain (during the day or frequently at night)
 Abdominal fullness
 Bloating
 In older patients additional symptoms may include: anorexia,
 dizziness or
 weakness
Alarm Symptoms:
 Upper GI bleeding
 Unexplained weight loss
 Continuous N/V
 Continuous diarrhea
Indications for antacids
Mild, infrequent heartburn

Dyspepsia

Sour stomach

Acid indigestion

Overindulgence of food and/or EtOH
Indications for Histamine receptor antagonists (H2RAs)
Mild-moderate
Heartburn (episodic, infrequent)

Acid indigestion

Sour stomach

Overindulgence of food or alcohol

GERD
Indications for Alginic Acid
Used in combination with antacid products for treatment of heartburn, dyspepsia or acid indigestion.
Indications for Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)
Frequent heartburn (symptoms >2 times/week)

GERD

Patients that do not respond to antacids or H2R antagonists
OTC Antacids
Tums, Alka-Mints, Maalox Quick Dissolve, Caltrate
Alternagel
Phillips Milk of Magnesia
Alka-Seltzer Heartburn Relief (not commonly used)
Riopan, Ron Acid
OTC Bismuth product
Pepto Bismol Extra Strength
OTC Histamine receptor antagonists (H2RAs)
Tagamet Cimetidine
Zantac Ranitidine
Pepcid AC Famotidine
Axid Nizatidine
OTC Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)
Prilosec OTC Omeprazole
Combination products
Rolaids
Mylanta Ultra Chewable
Gaviscon Extra Strength Liquid
Pepcid Complete